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Agudelo LZ, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Bryzgalova G, Dadvar S, Jannig PR, Pettersson-Klein AT, Lakshmikanth T, Sustarsic EG, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Correia JC, Izadi M, Martínez-Redondo V, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Gerhart-Hines Z, Brodin P, Pereira T, Berggren PO, Ruas JL
Cell Metab. 27 (2) 378-392.e5 [2018-02-06; online 2018-02-08]
The role of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in psychiatric disease is well established, but remains less explored in peripheral tissues. Exercise training activates kynurenine biotransformation in skeletal muscle, which protects from neuroinflammation and leads to peripheral kynurenic acid accumulation. Here we show that kynurenic acid increases energy utilization by activating G protein-coupled receptor Gpr35, which stimulates lipid metabolism, thermogenic, and anti-inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue. This suppresses weight gain in animals fed a high-fat diet and improves glucose tolerance. Kynurenic acid and Gpr35 enhance Pgc-1α1 expression and cellular respiration, and increase the levels of Rgs14 in adipocytes, which leads to enhanced beta-adrenergic receptor signaling. Conversely, genetic deletion of Gpr35 causes progressive weight gain and glucose intolerance, and sensitizes to the effects of high-fat diets. Finally, exercise-induced adipose tissue browning is compromised in Gpr35 knockout animals. This work uncovers kynurenine metabolism as a pathway with therapeutic potential to control energy homeostasis.
PubMed 29414686
DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.004
Crossref 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.004
pii: S1550-4131(18)30053-6