{"entity": "researcher", "timestamp": "2026-08-20T21:48:59.137Z", "family": "Brunak", "given": "S\u00f8ren", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-0316-5866", "affiliations": ["Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. soren.brunak@cpr.ku.dk.", "Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. soren.brunak@cpr.ku.dk."], "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/560f89e3ea56424fb96ca55aad9b9814.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/560f89e3ea56424fb96ca55aad9b9814"}}, "publications": [{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "81125aa4de9c48f19f7693e284da1de9", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/81125aa4de9c48f19f7693e284da1de9.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/81125aa4de9c48f19f7693e284da1de9"}}, "title": "A Biological-Systems-Based Analyses Using Proteomic and Metabolic Network Inference Reveals Mechanistic Insights into Hepatic Lipid Accumulation: An IMI-DIRECT Study.", "authors": [{"family": "Atabaki", "given": "Natalie N", "initials": "NN"}, {"family": "Coral", "given": "Daniel E", "initials": "DE"}, {"family": "Pomares-Millan", "given": "Hugo", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Smith", "given": "Kieran", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Behjat", "given": "Harry H", "initials": "HH"}, {"family": "Koivula", "given": "Robert W", "initials": "RW"}, {"family": "Tura", "given": "Andrea", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Miller", "given": "Hamish", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Pinnick", "given": "Katherine", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Agudelo", "given": "Leandro", "initials": "L", "orcid": "0000-0002-3951-9956", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b70c74f201804654a6b2cc1487421f20.json"}}, {"family": "Allin", "given": "Kristine H", "initials": "KH"}, {"family": "Brown", "given": "Andrew A", "initials": "AA"}, {"family": "Chabanova", "given": "Elizaveta", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Chmura", "given": "Piotr J", "initials": "PJ"}, {"family": "Jacobsen", "given": "Ulrik P", "initials": "UP"}, {"family": "Dawed", "given": "Adem Y", "initials": "AY"}, {"family": "Elders", "given": "Petra J M", "initials": "PJM"}, {"family": "Fernandez-Tajes", "given": "Juan J", "initials": "JJ"}, {"family": "Forgie", "given": "Ian M", "initials": "IM"}, {"family": "Haid", "given": "Mark", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Tue H", "initials": "TH"}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Elizaveta L", "initials": "EL"}, {"family": "Jones", "given": "Angus G", "initials": "AG"}, {"family": "Kokkola", "given": "Tarja", "initials": "T"}, {"family": "Kalamajski", "given": "Sebastian", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Mahajan", "given": "Anubha", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "McDonald", "given": "Timothy J", "initials": "TJ"}, {"family": "McEvoy", "given": "Donna", "initials": "D"}, {"family": "Muilwijk", "given": "Mirthe", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Tsirigos", "given": "Konstantinos D", "initials": "KD"}, {"family": "Vangipurapu", "given": "Jagadish", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "van Oort", "given": "Sabine", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Vestergaard", "given": "Henrik", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Adamski", "given": "Jerzy", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Beulens", "given": "Joline W", "initials": "JW"}, {"family": "Brunak", "given": "S\u00f8ren", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-0316-5866", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/560f89e3ea56424fb96ca55aad9b9814.json"}}, {"family": "Dermitzakis", "given": "Emmanouil T", "initials": "ET"}, {"family": "Giordano", "given": "Giuseppe N", "initials": "GN"}, {"family": "Gupta", "given": "Ramneek", "initials": "R"}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Torben", "initials": "T"}, {"family": "Hart", "given": "Leen T", "initials": "LT"}, {"family": "Hattersley", "given": "Andrew T", "initials": "AT", "orcid": "0000-0001-5620-473X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/dfbb9bb951f04ed3ac56eb4890d3186a.json"}}, {"family": "Hodson", "given": "Leanne", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Laakso", "given": "Markku", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Loos", "given": "Ruth J F", "initials": "RJF"}, {"family": "Merino", "given": "Jordi", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Ohlsson", "given": "Mattias", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Pedersen", "given": "Oluf", "initials": "O"}, {"family": "Ridderstr\u00e5le", "given": "Martin", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Ruetten", "given": "Hartmut", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Rutters", "given": "Femke", "initials": "F"}, {"family": "Schwenk", "given": "Jochen M", "initials": "JM", "orcid": "0000-0001-8141-8449", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/022e140799b6466ea123319c3d70c76e.json"}}, {"family": "Tomlinson", "given": "Jeremy", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Walker", "given": "Mark", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Yaghootkar", "given": "Hanieh", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Karpe", "given": "Fredrik", "initials": "F"}, {"family": "McCarthy", "given": "Mark I", "initials": "MI", "orcid": "0000-0002-4393-0510", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/102c7e93640c43c9bbbedd1626adfd7b.json"}}, {"family": "Thomas", "given": "Elizabeth Louise", "initials": "EL", "orcid": "0000-0003-4235-4694", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/9b85b142cc9748669e6b24272efb4728.json"}}, {"family": "Bell", "given": "Jimmy D", "initials": "JD"}, {"family": "Mari", "given": "Andrea", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Pavo", "given": "Imre", "initials": "I"}, {"family": "Pearson", "given": "Ewan R", "initials": "ER", "orcid": "0000-0001-9237-8585", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/e27e9e47f1cc4a969268eb5a65b8045b.json"}}, {"family": "Vi\u00f1uela", "given": "Ana", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Franks", "given": "Paul W", "initials": "PW"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2025-06-02", "journal": {"title": "medRxiv", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "To delineate organ-specific and systemic drivers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), we applied integrative causal inference across clinical, imaging, and proteomic domains in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).\n\nWe used Bayesian network analyses to quantify causal pathways linking adipose distribution, glycemia, and insulin dynamics with fatty liver using data from the IMI-DIRECT prospective cohort study. Measurements were made of glucose and insulin dynamics (using frequently-sampled metabolic challenge tests), MRI-derived abdominal and liver fat content, serological biomarkers, and Olink plasma proteomics from 331 adults with new-onset T2D and 964 adults free from diabetes at enrolment. The common protocols used in these two cohorts provided the opportunity for replication analyses to be performed. When the direction of the effect could not be determined with high probability through Bayesian networks, complementary two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed.\n\nHigh basal insulin secretion rate (BasalISR) was identified as the primary causal driver of liver fat accumulation in both diabetes and non-diabetes. Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was bidirectionally associated with liver fat, indicating a self-reinforcing metabolic loop. Basal insulin clearance (Clinsb) worsened as a consequence of liver fat accumulation to a greater degree before the onset of T2D. Out of 446 analysed proteins, 34 mapped to these metabolic networks and 27 were identified in the non-diabetes network, 18 in the diabetes network, and 11 were common between the two networks. Key proteins directly associated with liver fat included GUSB, ALDH1A1, LPL, IGFBP1/2, CTSD, HMOX1, FGF21, AGRP, and ACE2. Sex-stratified analyses revealed distinct proteomic drivers: GUSB and LEP were most predictive of liver fat in females and males, respectively.\n\nBasal insulin hypersecretion is a modifiable, causal driver of MASLD, particularly prior to glycaemic decompensation. Our findings highlight a multifactorial, sex- and disease-stage-specific proteo-metabolic architecture of hepatic steatosis. Proteins such as GUSB, ALDH1A1, LPL, and IGFBPs warrant further investigation as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for MASLD prevention and treatment.", "doi": "10.1101/2025.06.02.25328773", "pmid": "40502600", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC12155020"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "2025.06.02.25328773"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T11:05:58.807Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T11:05:58.916Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "2db7e8cb0ccc428ea47a72016b21fd4e", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/2db7e8cb0ccc428ea47a72016b21fd4e.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/2db7e8cb0ccc428ea47a72016b21fd4e"}}, "title": "Precision medicine in complex diseases-Molecular subgrouping for improved prediction and treatment stratification.", "authors": [{"family": "Johansson", "given": "\u00c5sa", "initials": "\u00c5", "orcid": "0000-0002-2915-4498", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a0bac3e1e64949fcbac4b4d839e1144d.json"}}, {"family": "Andreassen", "given": "Ole A", "initials": "OA"}, {"family": "Brunak", "given": "S\u00f8ren", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-0316-5866", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/560f89e3ea56424fb96ca55aad9b9814.json"}}, {"family": "Franks", "given": "Paul W", "initials": "PW", "orcid": "0000-0002-0520-7604", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/8263a26f474946de8b61a2080051d37b.json"}}, {"family": "Hedman", "given": "Harald", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Loos", "given": "Ruth J F", "initials": "RJF", "orcid": "0000-0002-8532-5087", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/179eb6511eba4d33b633599c5652e344.json"}}, {"family": "Meder", "given": "Benjamin", "initials": "B"}, {"family": "Mel\u00e9n", "given": "Erik", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Wheelock", "given": "Craig E", "initials": "CE"}, {"family": "Jacobsson", "given": "Bo", "initials": "B"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2023-10-00", "journal": {"title": "J. Intern. Med.", "issn": "1365-2796", "volume": "294", "issue": "4", "pages": "378-396", "issn-l": "0954-6820"}, "abstract": "Complex diseases are caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors and comprise common noncommunicable diseases, including allergies, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and metabolic disorders. More than 25% of Europeans suffer from a complex disease, and together these diseases account for 70% of all deaths. The use of genomic, molecular, or imaging data to develop accurate diagnostic tools for treatment recommendations and preventive strategies, and for disease prognosis and prediction, is an important step toward precision medicine. However, for complex diseases, precision medicine is associated with several challenges. There is a significant heterogeneity between patients of a specific disease-both with regards to symptoms and underlying causal mechanisms-and the number of underlying genetic and nongenetic risk factors is often high. Here, we summarize precision medicine approaches for complex diseases and highlight the current breakthroughs as well as the challenges. We conclude that genomic-based precision medicine has been used mainly for patients with highly penetrant monogenic disease forms, such as cardiomyopathies. However, for most complex diseases-including psychiatric disorders and allergies-available polygenic risk scores are more probabilistic than deterministic and have not yet been validated for clinical utility. However, subclassifying patients of a specific disease into discrete homogenous subtypes based on molecular or phenotypic data is a promising strategy for improving diagnosis, prediction, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. The availability of high-throughput molecular technologies, together with large collections of health data and novel data-driven approaches, offers promise toward improved individual health through precision medicine.", "doi": "10.1111/joim.13640", "pmid": "37093654", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "mid", "key": "NIHMS1889714"}, {"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC10523928"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T11:18:30.789Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T11:18:30.884Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "ca320476e9aa498aaac894559da40b92", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/ca320476e9aa498aaac894559da40b92.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/ca320476e9aa498aaac894559da40b92"}}, "title": "Author Correction: Discovery of drug-omics associations in type 2 diabetes with generative deep-learning models.", "authors": [{"family": "Alles\u00f8e", "given": "Rosa Lundbye", "initials": "RL"}, {"family": "Lundgaard", "given": "Agnete Troen", "initials": "AT", "orcid": "0000-0001-7447-6560", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/e6d31459d60f4ce789790f6a6ef62328.json"}}, {"family": "Hern\u00e1ndez Medina", "given": "Ricardo", "initials": "R", "orcid": "0000-0001-6373-2362", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ca886502c85a48b88ffca91c7bfd4199.json"}}, {"family": "Aguayo-Orozco", "given": "Alejandro", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Johansen", "given": "Joachim", "initials": "J", "orcid": "0000-0001-7052-1870", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6632c093611e4773aa14b1e81d23e32d.json"}}, {"family": "Nissen", "given": "Jakob Nybo", "initials": "JN"}, {"family": "Brorsson", "given": "Caroline", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "Mazzoni", "given": "Gianluca", "initials": "G"}, {"family": "Niu", "given": "Lili", "initials": "L", "orcid": "0000-0003-4571-4368", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/0bd02c00c9ed4bf6998b7d53a4869eaa.json"}}, {"family": "Biel", "given": "Jorge Hernansanz", "initials": "JH", "orcid": "0000-0002-3125-2951", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b4f7b4e611404a14babf48998278717b.json"}}, {"family": "Leal Rodr\u00edguez", "given": "Cristina", "initials": "C", "orcid": "0000-0002-3133-0630", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/191706530d834312a25dc1135308064c.json"}}, {"family": "Brasas", "given": "Valentas", "initials": "V"}, {"family": "Webel", "given": "Henry", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Benros", "given": "Michael Eriksen", "initials": "ME", "orcid": "0000-0003-4939-9465", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/0d2caccd100b4dbcba0be788cdcafedc.json"}}, {"family": "Pedersen", "given": "Anders Gorm", "initials": "AG", "orcid": "0000-0001-9650-8965", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/3131dd5c0ceb4935a15971a8f621d41d.json"}}, {"family": "Chmura", "given": "Piotr Jaroslaw", "initials": "PJ"}, {"family": "Jacobsen", "given": "Ulrik Plesner", "initials": "UP", "orcid": "0000-0001-9181-6854", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ce035ed82b6f456d8a1f08b12f77f68e.json"}}, {"family": "Mari", "given": "Andrea", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Koivula", "given": "Robert", "initials": "R", "orcid": "0000-0002-1646-4163", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2ceb821c78774b9f8931463351046f1f.json"}}, {"family": "Mahajan", "given": "Anubha", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Vinuela", "given": "Ana", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-3771-8537", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/02cba70871df48eb84c17e82f95baae4.json"}}, {"family": "Tajes", "given": "Juan Fernandez", "initials": "JF"}, {"family": "Sharma", "given": "Sapna", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Haid", "given": "Mark", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0001-6118-1333", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c4398da6ddb245bdb982ac3a0b352c40.json"}}, {"family": "Hong", "given": "Mun-Gwan", "initials": "MG", "orcid": "0000-0001-8603-8293", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/d12504acae5c4f31b83f75c3d7786cd4.json"}}, {"family": "Musholt", "given": "Petra B", "initials": "PB"}, {"family": "De Masi", "given": "Federico", "initials": "F"}, {"family": "Vogt", "given": "Josef", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Pedersen", "given": "Helle Krogh", "initials": "HK"}, {"family": "Gudmundsdottir", "given": "Valborg", "initials": "V"}, {"family": "Jones", "given": "Angus", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Kennedy", "given": "Gwen", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-9856-3236", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/06b17b204aaa442293ac0b9981b84b43.json"}}, {"family": "Bell", "given": "Jimmy", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Thomas", "given": "E Louise", "initials": "EL", "orcid": "0000-0003-4235-4694", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/9b85b142cc9748669e6b24272efb4728.json"}}, {"family": "Frost", "given": "Gary", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0003-0529-6325", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/894534933d064d1f802f1690ea56f162.json"}}, {"family": "Thomsen", "given": "Henrik", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Elizaveta", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Tue Haldor", "initials": "TH", "orcid": "0000-0001-5948-8993", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/73418e2efdc1459483138da74b0abad6.json"}}, {"family": "Vestergaard", "given": "Henrik", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Muilwijk", "given": "Mirthe", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Blom", "given": "Marieke T", "initials": "MT"}, {"family": "'t Hart", "given": "Leen M", "initials": "LM"}, {"family": "Pattou", "given": "Francois", "initials": "F"}, {"family": "Raverdy", "given": "Violeta", "initials": "V"}, {"family": "Brage", "given": "Soren", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Kokkola", "given": "Tarja", "initials": "T"}, {"family": "Heggie", "given": "Alison", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "McEvoy", "given": "Donna", "initials": "D"}, {"family": "Mourby", "given": "Miranda", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Kaye", "given": "Jane", "initials": "J", "orcid": "0000-0002-7311-4725", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/119626aab80347b08e5143547fc8d921.json"}}, {"family": "Hattersley", "given": "Andrew", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0001-5620-473X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/dfbb9bb951f04ed3ac56eb4890d3186a.json"}}, {"family": "McDonald", "given": "Timothy", "initials": "T"}, {"family": "Ridderstr\u00e5le", "given": "Martin", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-3270-9167", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ce961d525f784428b1b6cdd4d3ed0c1a.json"}}, {"family": "Walker", "given": "Mark", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Forgie", "given": "Ian", "initials": "I"}, {"family": "Giordano", "given": "Giuseppe N", "initials": "GN"}, {"family": "Pavo", "given": "Imre", "initials": "I"}, {"family": "Ruetten", "given": "Hartmut", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Pedersen", "given": "Oluf", "initials": "O", "orcid": "0000-0002-3321-3972", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a0ef37542aea4e67a322b0d6179cd59e.json"}}, {"family": "Hansen", "given": "Torben", "initials": "T", "orcid": "0000-0001-8748-3831", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/9e9a365eccb44b28b293c7decc6f4b9f.json"}}, {"family": "Dermitzakis", "given": "Emmanouil", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Franks", "given": "Paul W", "initials": "PW"}, {"family": "Schwenk", "given": "Jochen M", "initials": "JM", "orcid": "0000-0001-8141-8449", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/022e140799b6466ea123319c3d70c76e.json"}}, {"family": "Adamski", "given": "Jerzy", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "McCarthy", "given": "Mark I", "initials": "MI"}, {"family": "Pearson", "given": "Ewan", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Banasik", "given": "Karina", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Rasmussen", "given": "Simon", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0001-6323-9041", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/65dab4aefc624749a6b8d003bcd54200.json"}}, {"family": "Brunak", "given": "S\u00f8ren", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-0316-5866", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/560f89e3ea56424fb96ca55aad9b9814.json"}}, {"family": "IMI DIRECT Consortium", "given": "", "initials": ""}], "type": "published erratum", "published": "2023-07-00", "journal": {"title": "Nat. Biotechnol.", "issn": "1546-1696", "volume": "41", "issue": "7", "pages": "1026", "issn-l": "1087-0156"}, "abstract": null, "doi": "10.1038/s41587-023-01805-9", "pmid": "37130959", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC10344774"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "10.1038/s41587-023-01805-9"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T08:59:30.416Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T08:59:31.137Z"}]}