{"entity": "researcher", "timestamp": "2026-08-20T21:23:50.976Z", "family": "Holmberg", "given": "Karl O", "initials": "KO", "orcid": "0000-0002-4402-0586", "affiliations": [], "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b"}}, "publications": [{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "7578a0840b5a4903ba9652c07f1d06f8", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7578a0840b5a4903ba9652c07f1d06f8.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7578a0840b5a4903ba9652c07f1d06f8"}}, "title": "Drivers Underlying Metastasis and Relapse in Medulloblastoma and Targeting Strategies.", "authors": [{"family": "Holmberg", "given": "Karl O", "initials": "KO", "orcid": "0000-0002-4402-0586", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b.json"}}, {"family": "Borgenvik", "given": "Anna", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4696-7703", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ca3b4c4e7b2b4fe4867c4e356957d4c9.json"}}, {"family": "Zhao", "given": "Miao", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-4895-1177", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/75b5d6dc5cde46b8aca859fb961bf1de.json"}}, {"family": "Giraud", "given": "G\u00e9raldine", "initials": "G"}, {"family": "Swartling", "given": "Fredrik J", "initials": "FJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-8460-4367", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e673fa8c86348fb8c1a2ae34ba7ba9a.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2024-04-30", "journal": {"title": "Cancers (Basel)", "issn": "2072-6694", "volume": "16", "issue": "9", "issn-l": "2072-6694"}, "abstract": "Medulloblastomas comprise a molecularly diverse set of malignant pediatric brain tumors in which patients are stratified according to different prognostic risk groups that span from very good to very poor. Metastasis at diagnosis is most often a marker of poor prognosis and the relapse incidence is higher in these children. Medulloblastoma relapse is almost always fatal and recurring cells have, apart from resistance to standard of care, acquired genetic and epigenetic changes that correlate with an increased dormancy state, cell state reprogramming and immune escape. Here, we review means to carefully study metastasis and relapse in preclinical models, in light of recently described molecular subgroups. We will exemplify how therapy resistance develops at the cellular level, in a specific niche or from therapy-induced secondary mutations. We further describe underlying molecular mechanisms on how tumors acquire the ability to promote leptomeningeal dissemination and discuss how they can establish therapy-resistant cell clones. Finally, we describe some of the ongoing clinical trials of high-risk medulloblastoma and suggest or discuss more individualized treatments that could be of benefit to specific subgroups.", "doi": "10.3390/cancers16091752", "pmid": "38730706", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC11083189"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "cancers16091752"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T13:40:02.421Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T13:40:02.469Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "03af68634e6245c38931481bcdf5347a", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/03af68634e6245c38931481bcdf5347a.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/03af68634e6245c38931481bcdf5347a"}}, "title": "Data from Dormant SOX9-Positive Cells Facilitate MYC-Driven Recurrence of Medulloblastoma", "authors": [{"family": "Borgenvik", "given": "Anna", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4696-7703", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ca3b4c4e7b2b4fe4867c4e356957d4c9.json"}}, {"family": "Holmberg", "given": "Karl O", "initials": "KO", "orcid": "0000-0002-4402-0586", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b.json"}}, {"family": "Bolin", "given": "Sara", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-2835-1518", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/144233601c624bcd815822ff601d5e3e.json"}}, {"family": "Zhao", "given": "Miao", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-4895-1177", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/75b5d6dc5cde46b8aca859fb961bf1de.json"}}, {"family": "Savov", "given": "Vasil", "initials": "V", "orcid": "0000-0003-2347-1975", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e70244e16a3478e83abd7072ec7610b.json"}}, {"family": "Ros\u00e9n", "given": "Gabriela", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-7762-1468", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c4bd52a448ba4dae883c2e14cddd2699.json"}}, {"family": "Hutter", "given": "Sonja", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-3340-9315", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/68742a90cc194135a0eb33d52fe8b17a.json"}}, {"family": "Garancher", "given": "Alexandra", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0001-5779-2860", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a08bf535ab73447baf9f6fef6a2a34cd.json"}}, {"family": "Rahmanto", "given": "Aldwin Suryo", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0002-4593-286X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/59328511ffe441f08443f83089cc909b.json"}}, {"family": "Bergstr\u00f6m", "given": "Tobias", "initials": "T", "orcid": "0000-0002-4557-2390", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ad8f5ab0560d4b7596ddd5e407b96d8f.json"}}, {"family": "Olsen", "given": "Thale Kristin", "initials": "TK", "orcid": "0000-0003-4655-7384", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/edb08108179a4b94a69eeca5809df636.json"}}, {"family": "Mainwaring", "given": "Oliver J", "initials": "OJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7973-9849", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/29515b9bedc74325aa50a0da62cd299a.json"}}, {"family": "Sattanino", "given": "Damiana", "initials": "D", "orcid": "0000-0002-2747-4842", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/e621b0c6b77443f083541dd2fd65ab34.json"}}, {"family": "Verbaan", "given": "Annemieke D", "initials": "AD", "orcid": "0000-0001-6793-0577", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/625389e761a746d6b9c65ab0c81d8582.json"}}, {"family": "Rusert", "given": "Jessica M", "initials": "JM", "orcid": "0000-0003-0751-2693", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/19ba859c845b4578b0b7fe729033c01a.json"}}, {"family": "Sundstr\u00f6m", "given": "Anders", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-3942-6271", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/63e6602d2807417684239b93eb065a26.json"}}, {"family": "Bravo", "given": "Mar Ballester", "initials": "MB", "orcid": "0000-0002-1371-6679", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/4fc8169b243f403bbb9d85a2cc51a20a.json"}}, {"family": "Dang", "given": "Yonglong", "initials": "Y", "orcid": "0000-0001-9705-5507", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a828f29d1e8f40a69087ea74c89bc32c.json"}}, {"family": "Wenz", "given": "Amelie S", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0003-1929-382X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/262d770d769340bc8cf743701280a879.json"}}, {"family": "Richardson", "given": "Stacey", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-1841-6330", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/bae77ca73b1845cb94fbae185a0d5d72.json"}}, {"family": "Fotaki", "given": "Grammatiki", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-1343-1921", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b70b2fd7c1e348668fb7355bec1fcc3b.json"}}, {"family": "Hill", "given": "Rebecca M", "initials": "RM", "orcid": "0000-0001-8405-2219", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/f1259bdc29b04296a844a8e51c538990.json"}}, {"family": "Dubuc", "given": "Adrian M", "initials": "AM", "orcid": "0000-0002-3447-6715", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/98d65b7575504dd7bc1419885b7c5bdd.json"}}, {"family": "Kalushkova", "given": "Antonia", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4535-506X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/d630aa01038d4be68a001ae0fd4f3def.json"}}, {"family": "Remke", "given": "Marc", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-9404-9993", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/975d2595635e45c49b84050b802a9251.json"}}, {"family": "\u010can\u010der", "given": "Matko", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0001-5825-5151", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/05cbffef1ba74a4890860f33af1f5719.json"}}, {"family": "Jernberg-Wiklund", "given": "Helena", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-9319-7986", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c1e229ba71ec4129ac7ca516f90838ef.json"}}, {"family": "Giraud", "given": "G\u00e9raldine", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-2771-9889", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b71981055bfa4c1180c753e61b5b0919.json"}}, {"family": "Chen", "given": "Xingqi", "initials": "X", "orcid": "0000-0002-5657-2839", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/5ffb9d3c94e54fac97be6c78586940eb.json"}}, {"family": "Taylor", "given": "Michael D", "initials": "MD", "orcid": "0000-0001-7009-3466", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/619748747921467fa6c6ec4a973f2d1d.json"}}, {"family": "Sangfelt", "given": "Olle", "initials": "O", "orcid": "0000-0002-0316-0195", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2bc4930422a046f69295e2c59a569657.json"}}, {"family": "Clifford", "given": "Steven C", "initials": "SC", "orcid": "0000-0003-4893-2184", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/fd7e72eebce545f99f8d96a4ead4b395.json"}}, {"family": "Sch\u00fcller", "given": "Ulrich", "initials": "U", "orcid": "0000-0002-8731-1121", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6bfed174354240068d313e96bc371611.json"}}, {"family": "Wechsler-Reya", "given": "Robert J", "initials": "RJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7463-8352", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/36ca40f1c54d43d0af707c509bff1e9a.json"}}, {"family": "Weishaupt", "given": "Holger", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-0364-2709", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6ae643d4831f469c95c3d5b3955784ea.json"}}, {"family": "Swartling", "given": "Fredrik J", "initials": "FJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-8460-4367", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e673fa8c86348fb8c1a2ae34ba7ba9a.json"}}], "type": "posted-content", "published": "2023-03-31", "journal": {"issn-l": null}, "abstract": null, "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.c.6514337.v1", "pmid": null, "labels": [], "xrefs": [], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T12:10:31.465Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T12:10:31.685Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "7e8b85f311ce463385d87210397b99b2", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7e8b85f311ce463385d87210397b99b2.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7e8b85f311ce463385d87210397b99b2"}}, "title": "Data from Dormant SOX9-Positive Cells Facilitate MYC-Driven Recurrence of Medulloblastoma", "authors": [{"family": "Borgenvik", "given": "Anna", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4696-7703", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ca3b4c4e7b2b4fe4867c4e356957d4c9.json"}}, {"family": "Holmberg", "given": "Karl O", "initials": "KO", "orcid": "0000-0002-4402-0586", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b.json"}}, {"family": "Bolin", "given": "Sara", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-2835-1518", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/144233601c624bcd815822ff601d5e3e.json"}}, {"family": "Zhao", "given": "Miao", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-4895-1177", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/75b5d6dc5cde46b8aca859fb961bf1de.json"}}, {"family": "Savov", "given": "Vasil", "initials": "V", "orcid": "0000-0003-2347-1975", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e70244e16a3478e83abd7072ec7610b.json"}}, {"family": "Ros\u00e9n", "given": "Gabriela", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-7762-1468", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c4bd52a448ba4dae883c2e14cddd2699.json"}}, {"family": "Hutter", "given": "Sonja", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-3340-9315", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/68742a90cc194135a0eb33d52fe8b17a.json"}}, {"family": "Garancher", "given": "Alexandra", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0001-5779-2860", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a08bf535ab73447baf9f6fef6a2a34cd.json"}}, {"family": "Rahmanto", "given": "Aldwin Suryo", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0002-4593-286X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/59328511ffe441f08443f83089cc909b.json"}}, {"family": "Bergstr\u00f6m", "given": "Tobias", "initials": "T", "orcid": "0000-0002-4557-2390", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ad8f5ab0560d4b7596ddd5e407b96d8f.json"}}, {"family": "Olsen", "given": "Thale Kristin", "initials": "TK", "orcid": "0000-0003-4655-7384", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/edb08108179a4b94a69eeca5809df636.json"}}, {"family": "Mainwaring", "given": "Oliver J", "initials": "OJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7973-9849", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/29515b9bedc74325aa50a0da62cd299a.json"}}, {"family": "Sattanino", "given": "Damiana", "initials": "D", "orcid": "0000-0002-2747-4842", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/e621b0c6b77443f083541dd2fd65ab34.json"}}, {"family": "Verbaan", "given": "Annemieke D", "initials": "AD", "orcid": "0000-0001-6793-0577", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/625389e761a746d6b9c65ab0c81d8582.json"}}, {"family": "Rusert", "given": "Jessica M", "initials": "JM", "orcid": "0000-0003-0751-2693", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/19ba859c845b4578b0b7fe729033c01a.json"}}, {"family": "Sundstr\u00f6m", "given": "Anders", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-3942-6271", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/63e6602d2807417684239b93eb065a26.json"}}, {"family": "Bravo", "given": "Mar Ballester", "initials": "MB", "orcid": "0000-0002-1371-6679", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/4fc8169b243f403bbb9d85a2cc51a20a.json"}}, {"family": "Dang", "given": "Yonglong", "initials": "Y", "orcid": "0000-0001-9705-5507", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a828f29d1e8f40a69087ea74c89bc32c.json"}}, {"family": "Wenz", "given": "Amelie S", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0003-1929-382X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/262d770d769340bc8cf743701280a879.json"}}, {"family": "Richardson", "given": "Stacey", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-1841-6330", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/bae77ca73b1845cb94fbae185a0d5d72.json"}}, {"family": "Fotaki", "given": "Grammatiki", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-1343-1921", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b70b2fd7c1e348668fb7355bec1fcc3b.json"}}, {"family": "Hill", "given": "Rebecca M", "initials": "RM", "orcid": "0000-0001-8405-2219", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/f1259bdc29b04296a844a8e51c538990.json"}}, {"family": "Dubuc", "given": "Adrian M", "initials": "AM", "orcid": "0000-0002-3447-6715", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/98d65b7575504dd7bc1419885b7c5bdd.json"}}, {"family": "Kalushkova", "given": "Antonia", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4535-506X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/d630aa01038d4be68a001ae0fd4f3def.json"}}, {"family": "Remke", "given": "Marc", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-9404-9993", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/975d2595635e45c49b84050b802a9251.json"}}, {"family": "\u010can\u010der", "given": "Matko", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0001-5825-5151", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/05cbffef1ba74a4890860f33af1f5719.json"}}, {"family": "Jernberg-Wiklund", "given": "Helena", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-9319-7986", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c1e229ba71ec4129ac7ca516f90838ef.json"}}, {"family": "Giraud", "given": "G\u00e9raldine", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-2771-9889", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b71981055bfa4c1180c753e61b5b0919.json"}}, {"family": "Chen", "given": "Xingqi", "initials": "X", "orcid": "0000-0002-5657-2839", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/5ffb9d3c94e54fac97be6c78586940eb.json"}}, {"family": "Taylor", "given": "Michael D", "initials": "MD", "orcid": "0000-0001-7009-3466", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/619748747921467fa6c6ec4a973f2d1d.json"}}, {"family": "Sangfelt", "given": "Olle", "initials": "O", "orcid": "0000-0002-0316-0195", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2bc4930422a046f69295e2c59a569657.json"}}, {"family": "Clifford", "given": "Steven C", "initials": "SC", "orcid": "0000-0003-4893-2184", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/fd7e72eebce545f99f8d96a4ead4b395.json"}}, {"family": "Sch\u00fcller", "given": "Ulrich", "initials": "U", "orcid": "0000-0002-8731-1121", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6bfed174354240068d313e96bc371611.json"}}, {"family": "Wechsler-Reya", "given": "Robert J", "initials": "RJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7463-8352", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/36ca40f1c54d43d0af707c509bff1e9a.json"}}, {"family": "Weishaupt", "given": "Holger", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-0364-2709", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6ae643d4831f469c95c3d5b3955784ea.json"}}, {"family": "Swartling", "given": "Fredrik J", "initials": "FJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-8460-4367", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e673fa8c86348fb8c1a2ae34ba7ba9a.json"}}], "type": "posted-content", "published": "2023-03-31", "journal": {"issn-l": null}, "abstract": null, "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.c.6514337", "pmid": null, "labels": [], "xrefs": [], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T12:10:28.433Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T12:10:29.634Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "065e2ce2ee5b4c6bb5662444e9866769", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/065e2ce2ee5b4c6bb5662444e9866769.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/065e2ce2ee5b4c6bb5662444e9866769"}}, "title": "Dormant SOX9-Positive Cells Facilitate MYC-Driven Recurrence of Medulloblastoma.", "authors": [{"family": "Borgenvik", "given": "Anna", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4696-7703", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ca3b4c4e7b2b4fe4867c4e356957d4c9.json"}}, {"family": "Holmberg", "given": "Karl O", "initials": "KO", "orcid": "0000-0002-4402-0586", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/469c34ade5f34855880bd40a0ed93a5b.json"}}, {"family": "Bolin", "given": "Sara", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-2835-1518", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/144233601c624bcd815822ff601d5e3e.json"}}, {"family": "Zhao", "given": "Miao", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-4895-1177", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/75b5d6dc5cde46b8aca859fb961bf1de.json"}}, {"family": "Savov", "given": "Vasil", "initials": "V", "orcid": "0000-0003-2347-1975", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e70244e16a3478e83abd7072ec7610b.json"}}, {"family": "Ros\u00e9n", "given": "Gabriela", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-7762-1468", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c4bd52a448ba4dae883c2e14cddd2699.json"}}, {"family": "Hutter", "given": "Sonja", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-3340-9315", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/68742a90cc194135a0eb33d52fe8b17a.json"}}, {"family": "Garancher", "given": "Alexandra", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0001-5779-2860", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a08bf535ab73447baf9f6fef6a2a34cd.json"}}, {"family": "Rahmanto", "given": "Aldwin Suryo", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0002-4593-286X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/59328511ffe441f08443f83089cc909b.json"}}, {"family": "Bergstr\u00f6m", "given": "Tobias", "initials": "T", "orcid": "0000-0002-4557-2390", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/ad8f5ab0560d4b7596ddd5e407b96d8f.json"}}, {"family": "Olsen", "given": "Thale Kristin", "initials": "TK", "orcid": "0000-0003-4655-7384", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/edb08108179a4b94a69eeca5809df636.json"}}, {"family": "Mainwaring", "given": "Oliver J", "initials": "OJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7973-9849", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/29515b9bedc74325aa50a0da62cd299a.json"}}, {"family": "Sattanino", "given": "Damiana", "initials": "D", "orcid": "0000-0002-2747-4842", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/e621b0c6b77443f083541dd2fd65ab34.json"}}, {"family": "Verbaan", "given": "Annemieke D", "initials": "AD", "orcid": "0000-0001-6793-0577", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/625389e761a746d6b9c65ab0c81d8582.json"}}, {"family": "Rusert", "given": "Jessica M", "initials": "JM", "orcid": "0000-0003-0751-2693", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/19ba859c845b4578b0b7fe729033c01a.json"}}, {"family": "Sundstr\u00f6m", "given": "Anders", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-3942-6271", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/63e6602d2807417684239b93eb065a26.json"}}, {"family": "Bravo", "given": "Mar Ballester", "initials": "MB", "orcid": "0000-0002-1371-6679", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/4fc8169b243f403bbb9d85a2cc51a20a.json"}}, {"family": "Dang", "given": "Yonglong", "initials": "Y", "orcid": "0000-0001-9705-5507", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/a828f29d1e8f40a69087ea74c89bc32c.json"}}, {"family": "Wenz", "given": "Amelie S", "initials": "AS", "orcid": "0000-0003-1929-382X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/262d770d769340bc8cf743701280a879.json"}}, {"family": "Richardson", "given": "Stacey", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-1841-6330", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/bae77ca73b1845cb94fbae185a0d5d72.json"}}, {"family": "Fotaki", "given": "Grammatiki", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-1343-1921", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b70b2fd7c1e348668fb7355bec1fcc3b.json"}}, {"family": "Hill", "given": "Rebecca M", "initials": "RM", "orcid": "0000-0001-8405-2219", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/f1259bdc29b04296a844a8e51c538990.json"}}, {"family": "Dubuc", "given": "Adrian M", "initials": "AM", "orcid": "0000-0002-3447-6715", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/98d65b7575504dd7bc1419885b7c5bdd.json"}}, {"family": "Kalushkova", "given": "Antonia", "initials": "A", "orcid": "0000-0003-4535-506X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/d630aa01038d4be68a001ae0fd4f3def.json"}}, {"family": "Remke", "given": "Marc", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-9404-9993", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/975d2595635e45c49b84050b802a9251.json"}}, {"family": "\u010can\u010der", "given": "Matko", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0001-5825-5151", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/05cbffef1ba74a4890860f33af1f5719.json"}}, {"family": "Jernberg-Wiklund", "given": "Helena", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-9319-7986", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/c1e229ba71ec4129ac7ca516f90838ef.json"}}, {"family": "Giraud", "given": "G\u00e9raldine", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-2771-9889", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/b71981055bfa4c1180c753e61b5b0919.json"}}, {"family": "Chen", "given": "Xingqi", "initials": "X", "orcid": "0000-0002-5657-2839", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/5ffb9d3c94e54fac97be6c78586940eb.json"}}, {"family": "Taylor", "given": "Michael D", "initials": "MD", "orcid": "0000-0001-7009-3466", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/619748747921467fa6c6ec4a973f2d1d.json"}}, {"family": "Sangfelt", "given": "Olle", "initials": "O", "orcid": "0000-0002-0316-0195", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2bc4930422a046f69295e2c59a569657.json"}}, {"family": "Clifford", "given": "Steven C", "initials": "SC", "orcid": "0000-0003-4893-2184", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/fd7e72eebce545f99f8d96a4ead4b395.json"}}, {"family": "Sch\u00fcller", "given": "Ulrich", "initials": "U", "orcid": "0000-0002-8731-1121", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6bfed174354240068d313e96bc371611.json"}}, {"family": "Wechsler-Reya", "given": "Robert J", "initials": "RJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-7463-8352", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/36ca40f1c54d43d0af707c509bff1e9a.json"}}, {"family": "Weishaupt", "given": "Holger", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0002-0364-2709", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6ae643d4831f469c95c3d5b3955784ea.json"}}, {"family": "Swartling", "given": "Fredrik J", "initials": "FJ", "orcid": "0000-0002-8460-4367", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/2e673fa8c86348fb8c1a2ae34ba7ba9a.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2022-12-16", "journal": {"title": "Cancer Res.", "issn": "1538-7445", "volume": "82", "issue": "24", "pages": "4586-4603", "issn-l": "0008-5472"}, "abstract": "Relapse is the leading cause of death in patients with medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying recurrence could lead to more effective therapies for targeting tumor relapses. Here, we observed that SOX9, a transcription factor and stem cell/glial fate marker, is limited to rare, quiescent cells in high-risk medulloblastoma with MYC amplification. In paired primary-recurrent patient samples, SOX9-positive cells accumulated in medulloblastoma relapses. SOX9 expression anti-correlated with MYC expression in murine and human medulloblastoma cells. However, SOX9-positive cells were plastic and could give rise to a MYC high state. To follow relapse at the single-cell level, an inducible dual Tet model of medulloblastoma was developed, in which MYC expression was redirected in vivo from treatment-sensitive bulk cells to dormant SOX9-positive cells using doxycycline treatment. SOX9 was essential for relapse initiation and depended on suppression of MYC activity to promote therapy resistance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and immune escape. p53 and DNA repair pathways were downregulated in recurrent tumors, whereas MGMT was upregulated. Recurrent tumor cells were found to be sensitive to treatment with an MGMT inhibitor and doxorubicin. These findings suggest that recurrence-specific targeting coupled with DNA repair inhibition comprises a potential therapeutic strategy in patients affected by medulloblastoma relapse.\n\nSOX9 facilitates therapy escape and recurrence in medulloblastoma via temporal inhibition of MYC/MYCN genes, revealing a strategy to specifically target SOX9-positive cells to prevent tumor relapse.", "doi": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-2108", "pmid": "36219398", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC9755969"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "709709"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T12:11:07.388Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T12:11:07.663Z"}]}