{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "9a82d27687dc43ea91b0f90ff88b874d", "timestamp": "2026-09-30T03:46:32.401Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/9a82d27687dc43ea91b0f90ff88b874d.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/9a82d27687dc43ea91b0f90ff88b874d"}}, "title": "Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses Up to Six Months Following Homologous or Heterologous Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccines.", "authors": [{"family": "Marking", "given": "Ulrika", "initials": "U"}, {"family": "Havervall", "given": "Sebastian", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-1671-8183", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/fb7ddbd0be2d4dca9249f55081fb86b3.json"}}, {"family": "Greilert-Norin", "given": "Nina", "initials": "N"}, {"family": "Ng", "given": "Henry", "initials": "H", "orcid": "0000-0003-2873-9088", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/34363a29b64a462a8028d3252755ff6f.json"}}, {"family": "Blom", "given": "Kim", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Nilsson", "given": "Peter", "initials": "P", "orcid": "0000-0002-4657-8532", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/3db33fa3edb94febb8be7927a16838d0.json"}}, {"family": "Phillipson", "given": "Mia", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Hober", "given": "Sophia", "initials": "S", "orcid": "0000-0003-0605-8417", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/4a1bdfd8500c4dbea343132bc0d8e44c.json"}}, {"family": "Nilsson", "given": "Charlotta", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "Mangsbo", "given": "Sara", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Christ", "given": "Wanda", "initials": "W"}, {"family": "Klingstr\u00f6m", "given": "Jonas", "initials": "J", "orcid": "0000-0001-9076-1441", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6265be732af0469d9d58bf5a46e8cf7d.json"}}, {"family": "Gordon", "given": "Max", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "\u00c5berg", "given": "Mikael", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Th\u00e5lin", "given": "Charlotte", "initials": "C"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2022-02-24", "journal": {"title": "Vaccines (Basel)", "issn": "2076-393X", "volume": "10", "issue": "3", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "Heterologous primary immunization against SARS-CoV-2 is part of applied recommendations. However, little is known about duration of immune responses after heterologous vaccine regimens. To evaluate duration of immune responses after primary vaccination with homologous adeno-vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (ChAd) or heterologous ChAd/BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (BNT), anti-spike-IgG and SARS-CoV-2 VOC-neutralizing antibody responses were measured in 354 healthcare workers (HCW) at 2 weeks, 3 months, 5 months and 6 months after the second vaccine dose. T-cell responses were investigated using a whole blood interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3) release assay 2 weeks and 3 months post second vaccine dose. Two hundred and ten HCW immunized with homologous BNT were enrolled for comparison of antibody responses. In study participants na\u00efve to SARS-CoV-2 prior to vaccination, heterologous ChAd/BNT resulted in 6-fold higher peak anti-spike IgG antibody titers compared to homologous ChAd vaccination. The half-life of antibody titers was 3.1 months (95% CI 2.8-3.6) following homologous ChAd vaccination and 1.9 months (95% CI 1.7-2.1) after heterologous vaccination, reducing the GMT difference between the groups to 3-fold 6 months post vaccination. Peak T-cell responses were stronger in ChAd/BNT vaccinees, but no significant difference was observed 3 months post vaccination. SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to vaccination resulted in substantially higher peak GMTs and IFN-\u03b3 levels and enhanced SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody and T cell responses over time. Heterologous primary SARS-CoV-2 immunization with ChAd and BNT elicits a stronger initial immune response compared to homologous vaccination with ChAd. However, although the differences in humoral responses remain over 6 months, the difference in SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are no longer significant three months after vaccination.", "doi": "10.3390/vaccines10030359", "pmid": "35334989", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC8953845"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "vaccines10030359"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-09-23T11:55:10.199Z", "modified": "2026-09-23T11:55:10.243Z"}