{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "7ff490b158194d58b60b2b19cdaae261", "timestamp": "2026-08-20T21:26:04.940Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7ff490b158194d58b60b2b19cdaae261.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7ff490b158194d58b60b2b19cdaae261"}}, "title": "Effect of the Addition Frequency of 5-Azacytidine in Both Micro- and Macroscale Cultures.", "authors": [{"family": "Kadekar", "given": "Sandeep", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Barbe", "given": "Laurent", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Stoddart", "given": "Martin", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Varghese", "given": "Oommen P", "initials": "OP"}, {"family": "Tenje", "given": "Maria", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Mestres", "given": "Gemma", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0001-7462-4236", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/9b6944549b4b4480af1b441cd4c70f56.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2021-02-00", "journal": {"title": "Cell Mol Bioeng", "issn": "1865-5025", "volume": "14", "issue": "1", "pages": "121-130", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have a great clinical potential for tissue regeneration purposes due to its multilineage capability. Previous studies have reported that a single addition of 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC) causes the differentiation of hMSCs towards a myocardial lineage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of 5-AzaC addition frequency on hMSCs priming (i.e., indicating an early genetic differentiation) using two culture environments.\n\nhMSCs were supplemented with 5-AzaC while cultured in well plates and in microfluidic chips. The impact of 5-AzaC concentration (10 and 20 \u03bcM) and addition frequency (once, daily or continuously), as well as of culture period (2 or 5 days) on the genetic upregulation of PPAR\u03b3 (adipocytes), PAX3 (myoblasts), SOX9 (chondrocytes) and RUNX2 (osteoblasts) was evaluated.\n\nDaily delivering 5-AzaC caused a higher upregulation of PPAR\u03b3, SOX9 and RUNX2 in comparison to a single dose delivery, both under static well plates and dynamic microfluidic cultures. A particularly high gene expression of PPAR\u03b3 (tenfold-change) could indicate priming of hMSCs towards adipocytes.\n\nBoth macro- and microscale cultures provided results with similar trends, where addition frequency of 5-AzaC was a crucial factor to upregulate several genes. Microfluidics technology was proven to be a suitable platform for the continuous delivery of a drug and could be used for screening purposes in tissue engineering research.", "doi": "10.1007/s12195-020-00654-9", "pmid": "33633814", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC7878657"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "654"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-20T06:40:37.743Z", "modified": "2026-08-20T06:40:37.836Z"}