{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "51c161fa2da6486b9d51a159dc8bf9e3", "timestamp": "2026-08-26T22:47:06.956Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/51c161fa2da6486b9d51a159dc8bf9e3.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/51c161fa2da6486b9d51a159dc8bf9e3"}}, "title": "Systematic review with meta-analysis: the risks of proton pump inhibitors during pregnancy.", "authors": [{"family": "Li", "given": "Cheng Mei", "initials": "CM"}, {"family": "Zhernakova", "given": "Alexandra", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Engstrand", "given": "Lars", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Wijmenga", "given": "Cisca", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "Brusselaers", "given": "Nele", "initials": "N", "orcid": "0000-0003-0137-447X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/70d0a6a2f4eb4272be4865e7e369c0e9.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2020-02-00", "journal": {"title": "Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther.", "issn": "1365-2036", "volume": "51", "issue": "4", "pages": "410-420", "issn-l": "0269-2813"}, "abstract": "There have been safety concerns considering long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, also during pregnancy.\n\nTo assess the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes associated with maternal intake of PPIs by means of systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\nThe systematic search included PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Database and Embase (inception until June 2019). All studies reporting \u22651 adverse pregnancy outcome comparing PPI users to non-users. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) were also compared to both non-users and PPI users. Outcomes included congenital malformations, abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, preterm birth, small for gestational age and low birth weight. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained by random-effects modelling. PROSPERO study-protocol: CRD42018103320.\n\nIn total, 26 observational studies (20 cohort, 6 case-control studies) were identified, of which 19 assessed PPIs and 12 H2RA. PPI use was associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.52), especially in case-control studies (OR 2.04, 1.46-2.86). No associations were found between H2RA and congenital malformations. No significant associations were found between PPI use and abortions, stillbirth, neonatal death, preterm birth and low-birth weight, although H2RA use may be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.56). Although statistical heterogeneity and the risk of bias were overall low, clinical heterogeneity, information and selection bias may be present in the individual studies.\n\nThis meta-analysis suggests an association between maternal PPI use and congenital malformations in humans, yet power was insufficient to assess specific malformations and drugs.", "doi": "10.1111/apt.15610", "pmid": "31909512", "labels": [], "xrefs": [], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-21T12:17:22.256Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:17:22.292Z"}