{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "3e5a81d4eef547c6a4e4419dcf31316c", "timestamp": "2026-09-23T21:35:20.495Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/3e5a81d4eef547c6a4e4419dcf31316c.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/3e5a81d4eef547c6a4e4419dcf31316c"}}, "title": "Limited access to antigen drives generation of early B cell memory while restraining the plasmablast response.", "authors": [{"family": "Glaros", "given": "Vassilis", "initials": "V"}, {"family": "Rauschmeier", "given": "Ren\u00e9", "initials": "R"}, {"family": "Artemov", "given": "Artem V", "initials": "AV"}, {"family": "Reinhardt", "given": "Annika", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Ols", "given": "Sebastian", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Emmanouilidi", "given": "Aikaterini", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Gustafsson", "given": "Charlotte", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "You", "given": "Yuanyuan", "initials": "Y"}, {"family": "Mirabello", "given": "Claudio", "initials": "C"}, {"family": "Bj\u00f6rklund", "given": "\u00c5sa K", "initials": "\u00c5K"}, {"family": "Perez", "given": "Laurent", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "King", "given": "Neil P", "initials": "NP"}, {"family": "M\u00e5nsson", "given": "Robert", "initials": "R"}, {"family": "Angeletti", "given": "Davide", "initials": "D"}, {"family": "Lor\u00e9", "given": "Karin", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Adameyko", "given": "Igor", "initials": "I"}, {"family": "Busslinger", "given": "Meinrad", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Kreslavsky", "given": "Taras", "initials": "T"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2021-09-14", "journal": {"title": "Immunity", "issn": "1097-4180", "volume": "54", "issue": "9", "pages": "2005-2023.e10", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "Cell fate decisions during early B cell activation determine the outcome of responses to pathogens and vaccines. We examined the early B cell response to T-dependent antigen in mice by single-cell RNA sequencing. Early after immunization, a homogeneous population of activated precursors (APs) gave rise to a transient wave of plasmablasts (PBs), followed a day later by the emergence of germinal center B cells (GCBCs). Most APs rapidly exited the cell cycle, giving rise to non-GC-derived early memory B cells (eMBCs) that retained an AP-like transcriptional profile. Rapid decline of antigen availability controlled these events; provision of excess antigen precluded cell cycle exit and induced a new wave of PBs. Fate mapping revealed a prominent contribution of eMBCs to the MBC pool. Quiescent cells with an MBC phenotype dominated the early response to immunization in primates. A reservoir of APs/eMBCs may enable rapid readjustment of the immune response when failure to contain a threat is manifested by increased antigen availability.", "doi": "10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.017", "pmid": "34525339", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "mid", "key": "EMS146190"}, {"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC7612941"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "S1074-7613(21)00349-6"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-09-23T07:43:45.119Z", "modified": "2026-09-23T07:43:45.152Z"}