{"entity": "journal", "iuid": "f1d3a4a00e7049eb86d2696cc7d87e6a", "timestamp": "2026-09-03T05:16:43.320Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/journal/Ther%20Adv%20Gastroenterol.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/journal/Ther%20Adv%20Gastroenterol"}}, "title": "Ther Adv Gastroenterol", "issn": "1756-283X", "issn-l": null, "publications_count": 1, "publications": [{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "fbdfa3b88a2b46b69c82578996ee6f73", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/fbdfa3b88a2b46b69c82578996ee6f73.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/fbdfa3b88a2b46b69c82578996ee6f73"}}, "title": "Association between proton-pump inhibitors and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.", "authors": [{"family": "Segna", "given": "Daniel", "initials": "D", "orcid": "0000-0003-1598-8595", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/0eab58994b8c494e8c7b2502f6a689e8.json"}}, {"family": "Brusselaers", "given": "Nele", "initials": "N", "orcid": "0000-0003-0137-447X", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/70d0a6a2f4eb4272be4865e7e369c0e9.json"}}, {"family": "Glaus", "given": "Damian", "initials": "D"}, {"family": "Krupka", "given": "Niklas", "initials": "N"}, {"family": "Misselwitz", "given": "Benjamin", "initials": "B"}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2021-11-10", "journal": {"title": "Ther Adv Gastroenterol", "issn": "1756-283X", "volume": "14", "pages": "17562848211051463", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "The use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) may be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC).\n\nTo review and meta-analyse available literature investigating the association between PPI use and GC risk.\n\nTwo independent reviewers systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (inception to July 2020) for case-control and cohort studies assessing the association between PPI use and GC according to a predefined protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42018102536). Reviewers independently assessed study quality, extracted data, and meta-analysed available and newly calculated odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model, and stratified for GC site (cardia versus non-cardia) and PPI duration (<1 year, 1-3 years, >3 years).\n\nWe screened 2,396 records and included five retrospective cohort and eight case-control studies comprising 1,662,881 individuals in our meta-analysis. In random-effect models, we found an increased GC risk in PPI users [OR: 1.94, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.47-2.56] with high statistical heterogeneity (I 2 = 82%) and overall moderate risk of bias. Stratified analyses indicated a significant risk increase in non-cardia (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.44-3.36, I 2 = 77%) with a similar non-significant trend in cardia regions (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 0.72-4.36, I 2 = 66%). There was no GC increase with longer durations of PPI exposure (<1 year: OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 2.13-2.47, I 2 = 0%; 1-3 years: OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.53-4.01, I 2 = 35%; >3 years: OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 0.56-7.77, I 2 = 61%).\n\nWe found a twofold increased GC risk among PPI users, but this association does not confirm causation and studies are highly heterogeneous. PPI should only be prescribed when strictly indicated.", "doi": "10.1177/17562848211051463", "pmid": "34777575", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC8586163"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "10.1177_17562848211051463"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-21T12:32:13.888Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:32:14.034Z"}], "created": "2026-08-21T12:32:13.993Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:32:13.993Z"}