{"entity": "journal", "iuid": "77f505777dc441a48e481c6a05e292dd", "timestamp": "2026-08-22T08:30:24.683Z", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/journal/RMD%20Open.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/journal/RMD%20Open"}}, "title": "RMD Open", "issn": "2056-5933", "issn-l": null, "publications_count": 2, "publications": [{"entity": "publication", "iuid": "04c5be56e6c9473e802919ca1b1cdc43", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/04c5be56e6c9473e802919ca1b1cdc43.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/04c5be56e6c9473e802919ca1b1cdc43"}}, "title": "Cigarette smoking patterns preceding primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome.", "authors": [{"family": "Mofors", "given": "Johannes", "initials": "J", "orcid": "0000-0003-1873-7169", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/6bae04084cd840959d659f12c5197462.json"}}, {"family": "Bj\u00f6rk", "given": "Albin", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Richardsdotter Andersson", "given": "Elina", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Kvarnstr\u00f6m", "given": "Marika", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Forsblad d'Elia", "given": "Helena", "initials": "H"}, {"family": "Magnusson-Bucher", "given": "Sara", "initials": "S"}, {"family": "Padyukov", "given": "Leonid", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Kockum", "given": "Ingrid", "initials": "I"}, {"family": "Hillert", "given": "Jan", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Eriksson", "given": "Per", "initials": "P"}, {"family": "Mandl", "given": "Thomas", "initials": "T"}, {"family": "Nordmark", "given": "Gunnel", "initials": "G", "orcid": "0000-0002-3829-7431", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/f618934952594d76a747bcbe2c27bbf2.json"}}, {"family": "Alfredsson", "given": "Lars", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Wahren-Herlenius", "given": "Marie", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-0915-7245", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/0db5190dbe894a5e9cd961e66ba5c75d.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2020-09-00", "journal": {"title": "RMD Open", "issn": "2056-5933", "volume": "6", "issue": "3", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for several autoimmune diseases, but its role in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (pSS) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the association between cigarette smoking and subsequent development of pSS.\n\nInformation on smoking habits was collected from lifestyle habit questionnaires of patients with pSS (n=815) and a matched control group (n=4425) for a case-control study. Differences in smoking exposure were analysed by conditional logistic regression. Potential interactions between smoking and risk-associated human leucocyte antigens (HLA) were assessed by multivariate regression.\n\nThe fraction of patients with pSS having ever smoked prior to diagnosis was lower than in controls (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.81). Current smoking at diagnosis was also less prevalent in cases (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.53). However, period prevalence of smoking during early adulthood was not statistically different from controls (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.22) but markedly decreased over time. This was partly due to patients being more prone to stop smoking, starting already 30 years prior to diagnosis (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.22 to 3.30). Smoking patterns were also stratified by autoantibody status, yielding similar estimates. No interaction effects between HLA-DRB1 haplotypes and smoking were observed.\n\nThe observed smoking patterns indicate that individuals who develop pSS smoke equally much as the general population during early life but are then more prone to stop. The data can be interpreted as smoking conferring protective effects, or reflecting early symptoms of pSS that affect smoking habits, emphasising the slow, progressive development of the disease.", "doi": "10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001402", "pmid": "32994363", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC7547543"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "rmdopen-2020-001402"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-21T12:27:38.613Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:27:38.669Z"}, {"entity": "publication", "iuid": "7b626f01cb884391bca358fcaafa0376", "links": {"self": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7b626f01cb884391bca358fcaafa0376.json"}, "display": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/publication/7b626f01cb884391bca358fcaafa0376"}}, "title": "Type I IFN system activation in newborns exposed to Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies in utero.", "authors": [{"family": "Hedlund", "given": "Malin", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Thorlacius", "given": "Gudny Ella", "initials": "GE"}, {"family": "Ivanchenko", "given": "Margarita", "initials": "M"}, {"family": "Ottosson", "given": "Vijole", "initials": "V"}, {"family": "Kyriakidis", "given": "Nikolaos", "initials": "N"}, {"family": "Lagnefeldt", "given": "Linda", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Tingstr\u00f6m", "given": "Joanna", "initials": "J"}, {"family": "Sirsj\u00f6", "given": "Allan", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Bengtsson", "given": "Anders A", "initials": "AA"}, {"family": "Aronsson", "given": "Emma", "initials": "E"}, {"family": "Gemzell-Danielsson", "given": "Kristina", "initials": "K"}, {"family": "Ronnblom", "given": "Lars", "initials": "L"}, {"family": "Bergman", "given": "Gunnar", "initials": "G"}, {"family": "Espinosa", "given": "Alexander", "initials": "A"}, {"family": "Sonesson", "given": "Sven-Erik", "initials": "SE"}, {"family": "Eloranta", "given": "Maija-Leena", "initials": "ML"}, {"family": "Wahren-Herlenius", "given": "Marie", "initials": "M", "orcid": "0000-0002-0915-7245", "researcher": {"href": "https://publications-affiliated.scilifelab.se/researcher/0db5190dbe894a5e9cd961e66ba5c75d.json"}}], "type": "journal article", "published": "2020-01-00", "journal": {"title": "RMD Open", "issn": "2056-5933", "volume": "6", "issue": "1", "issn-l": null}, "abstract": "In utero exposure of the fetus to Ro/La autoantibodies may lead to congenital heart block (CHB). In the mother, these autoantibodies are associated with activation of the type I interferon (IFN)-system. As maternal autoantibodies are transferred to the fetus during pregnancy, we investigated whether the type I IFN-system is activated also in newborns of anti-Ro/La positive mothers, and whether fetal IFN activation is affected by maternal immunomodulatory treatment.\n\nBlood drawn at birth from anti-Ro/La positive mothers, their newborns and healthy control pairs was separated into plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC were analysed directly or cultured. mRNA expression was analysed by microarrays, cell surface markers by flow cytometry, and IFN\u03b1 levels by immunoassays.\n\nWe observed increased expression of IFN-regulated genes and elevated plasma IFN\u03b1 levels not only in anti-Ro/La positive women, but also in their newborns. CD14+ monocytes of both anti-Ro/La positive mothers and their neonates showed increased expression of Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin-1, indicating cellular activation. Notably, the IFN score of neonates born to mothers receiving immunomodulatory treatment was similar to that of controls, despite persistent IFN activation in the mothers. In both maternal and neonatal PBMC, IFN\u03b1 production was induced when cells were cultured with anti-Ro/La positive plasma.\n\nRo/La autoantibody-exposed neonates at risk of CHB have signs of an activated immune system with an IFN signature. This study further demonstrates that neonatal cells can produce IFN\u03b1 when exposed to autoantibody-containing plasma, and that maternal immunomodulatory treatment may diminish the expression of IFN-regulated genes in the fetus.", "doi": "10.1136/rmdopen-2019-000989", "pmid": "31958275", "labels": [], "xrefs": [{"db": "pmc", "key": "PMC7046945"}, {"db": "pii", "key": "rmdopen-2019-000989"}], "notes": [], "created": "2026-08-21T12:27:36.401Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:27:36.473Z"}], "created": "2026-08-21T12:27:36.426Z", "modified": "2026-08-21T12:27:36.426Z"}